Advancement in the field of medicine has reduced the mortality rates . Decline in mortality rates has increased the life expectancy of people hence increasing the population.
Advancements in science and medicine has also increased the birth rate as it has increased the fertility rate in human beings.
Migration is another cause of population growth. When the rate of emigration does not meet the rate of immigration, overpopulation happens.
Other factors like lack of education that impacts family planning can also lead to a growth of population.