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Question

Chemical substance produced by one microorganism to inhibit the growth of another microorganism is called

A
Antibiotic
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B
Antigens
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C
Antitoxin
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D
Antibody
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Solution

The correct option is (A) Antibiotic

What are Antibiotics?

Antibiotics are secondary metabolites produced by microbes that kill or inhibit the growth of other disease-causing microbes. Antibiotics kill bacteria or prevent their growth by impeding critical bacterial functions. This aids in the bacterial infection defence efforts of the body's natural immune system. Different antibiotics are effective against different microorganisms.

What are Antigens?

Antigens are molecules that can bind to the defence molecules produced by our body, called antibodies. Certain antigens, called immunogens, are capable of triggering an immune response in our bodies. Large protein molecules known as antigens are found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other foreign substances. When these foreign bodies enter the body, the body's immune system reacts by producing antibodies.

What are Antibodies?

Antibodies are Y-shaped immunoglobulins that are produced by B cells. These contain the binding site for certain antigens, neutralising their effect. Proteins, called antibodies, defend you when your body comes into contact with unwanted particles. Antibodies are produced by your immune system, which bind to foreign particles and drive them out of your body. Immunoglobulin is another name for an antibody.

What are Antitoxins?

Antitoxins are antibodies that neutralise the effect of toxins. In response to exposure to toxins, some animals, plants, and microbes develop antitoxins. They can destroy bacteria and other microbes but are most effective at neutralising poisons.

Final Answer

A chemical substance produced by one microorganism to inhibit the growth of another microorganism is called an antibiotic.

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