Chemiosmotic theory of ATP synthesis in the chloroplasts and mitochondria is based on

Membrane potential

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Proton gradient

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Accumulation of Kt⁺ ions

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Accumulation of Nat⁺ ions

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Solution

The correct option is B
Proton gradient

Protons move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a membrane.

The kinetic energy created by this movement is used by ATP synthase to create ATP molecules.

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