Question

Chemiosmotic theory of $\text{ATP}$ synthesis in the chloroplasts and mitochondria is based on

Answer 1

Chemiosmotic theory

According to the chemiosmotic theory of $\text{ATP}$ generation, $\text{ATP}$ is generated utilizing the electrochemical gradient generated due to the accumulation of protons in the thylakoid lumen of chloroplast or peri-mitochondrial space in mitochondria.

The accumulation of protons gives rise to an electric gradient, due to the accumulation of positive charge and a chemical gradient due to the accumulation of hydrogen atom.

When protons move along this electrochemical gradient through ${\text{F}}_0-{\text{F}}_1,$ $\text{ATP}$ synthase enzyme complex, $\text{ATP}$ generation occurs.