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Stoichiometric Calculations

Chloride samp...

Question

Chloride samples are prepared for analysis by using $N a C l$ , $K C l$ and $N H_{4} C l$ , separately or as a mixture. The minimum volume of $5 %$ by mass of $A g N O_{3}$ solution (specific gravity = $1.04$ g/ml) that must be added to a sample of $0.3$ g in order to ensure complete precipitation of chloride in every possible case, is (only integer part) :

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Solution

From the given data: $N_{A g N O_{3}} = \frac{5}{170 \times [\frac{100}{(1.04 \times 1000)}]} = 0.3059$
( $∵ w_{A g N O_{3}} = 5 g; W = 100 g; d = 1.04 g {m L}^{- 1}$ )
The chloride samples of $0.3$ g are prepared using $N a C l$ , $K C l$ , $N H_{4} C l$ in any combination ratio or as individual component.The minimum volume of $A g N O_{3}$ to ensure complete precipitation in each possible case can be derived by finding maximum meq. of chloride in sample, i.e., $N H_{4} C l$ only as independent constituent because $N H_{4} C l$ has minimum molar mass in all the three.
$∴$ Meq. of $A g N O_{3} =$ Meq. of $N H_{4} C l$
$0.3059 \times V = (\frac{0.3}{53.5}) \times 1000$
$V = 18.33$ mL.
So, the answer is $18$ .

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