Question

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:

Cretinism and Myxoedema are due to:

• A. Hypersecretion of thyroxine
• B. Hypersecretion of growth hormone
• C. Hyposecretion of thyroxine
• D. Hyposecretion of growth hormone

Answer 1

The correct option is C

Hyposecretion of thyroxine

The correct option is C

Explanation of the correct option:

1. Cretinism is a disorder caused due to tom hyposecretion of thyroid hormones(Thyroxine) in children.
2. It is characterised by stunted physical and mental growth in children.
3. Myxoedema is caused due to the deficiency of thyroxine hormone in adults.
4. In this case, limbs and neck become swollen. This occurs due to the accumulation of mucus within the cells in this region.

Explanation of the incorrect option:

Option A :

1. Exophthalmic goitre is a disorder caused due to the over activation of the thyroid gland (Hyperthyroidism).
2. In this case, thyroid secretion is increased.
3. The eyes protrude because of edema (accumulation of mucus in the tissue) in the tissue of the eye socket.

Option B:

1. Hypersecretion of growth hormone causes gigantism in children and acromegaly in adults.
2. In the case of gigantism, the height of the body reaches 7-8 ft.
3. In the case of acromegaly, excess GH secretion leads to disproportionate skeletal growth.
4. The appearance becomes gorilla-like with the lower jaw protruding forwards and forehead slanting forward.

Option D:

1. Due to hyposecretion of growth hormone dwarfism is occurred.
2. Dwarfism is a disorder characterised by shorter than normal skeletal growth.
3. The height may range up to 3 feet.

Final answer:

Hence, Cretinism and Myxoedema occur due to the hyposecretion of thyroxine in children and adults respectively.