The correct option is D For Europeans, the sea route to India was blocked by the Ottomon empire.
During the ancient and medieval period, there was a lot of demand for Indian goods like spices, muslin cloth, silk and indigo. The Roman empire was an important trade partner with India.
Trade and commerce get disrupted when there is instability and war. In 1453 CE, the Roman empire fell to the Ottoman Turks, and they conquered the city of Constantinople. It was renamed as Istanbul and made it their own capital. Ottoman empire blocked the sea route between Europe and India. The European Christians, who had been dependent on India for spices, were forced to find a new way to India.