The correct option is B since
Option B: 'Since' is a preposition that refers to time. It means 'counting from the time'. It is the most suitable option, as the sentence also refers to time. The given statement means 'I have been working on this project from this time: 10 a.m.'
Hence B is the correct option.
Option A: 'That' is a demonstrative pronoun. It refers to a person, place or thing. It refers to something that is far in space and time. But a demonstrative pronoun does not point out at the time in number form '10 a.m.'
Option C: 'Whose' refers to a person whereas the given sentence focuses on time.
Option D: 'There' indicates place whereas the sentence indicates time.
Hence options A, C and D are incorrect.