Question

Choosing the substances from the list given below write the balanced equations for the reactions which would be used in the laboratory to obtain the following salts.

Dilute sulphuric acid

Copper, iron, sodium

Copper(II) carbonate, sodium carbonate sodium chloride Zinc nitrate

(i) Sodium sulphate

(ii) Zinc carbonate

(iii) Copper (II) sulphate

(iv) Iron (II) sulphate

Answer 1

Part 1: Sodium carbonate on addition with dil. Sulphuric acid:-

Sodium chloride upon reacting with Sulphuric acid gives Sodium sulphate and Hydrochloric acid as its product

$\underset{(\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{chloride})}{2\mathrm{NaCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Dil}.\mathrm{Sulphuric}\mathrm{acid})}{{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{sulphate})}{{\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Hydrochloric}\mathrm{acid}}{2\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}$

Part 2: Zinc Nitrate on addition with Sodium carbonate:-

Zinc nitrate upon reacting with Sodium carbonate gives Zinc carbonate and Sodium nitrate as its product

$\underset{(\mathrm{Zinc}\mathrm{nitrate})}{\mathrm{Zn}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{carbonate})}{{\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Zinc}\mathrm{carbonate})}{{\mathrm{ZnCO}}_3\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{nitrate})}{2{\mathrm{NaNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}$

Part 3. Copper carbonate on addition with dil. Sulphuric acid:-

Copper carbonate upon reacting with dil. Sulphuric acid gives Copper sulphate Carbon dioxide and water as its product

$\underset{(\mathrm{Copper}\mathrm{carbonate})}{{\mathrm{CuCO}}_3\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Dil}.\mathrm{Sulphuric}\mathrm{acid})}{{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Copper}\mathrm{sulphate})}{{\mathrm{CuSO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\left(\mathrm{Water}\right)}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Carbon}\mathrm{dioxide})}{{\mathrm{CO}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}$

Part 4: Iron (II) sulphate on addition with dil. Sulphuric acid:-

Iron upon reacting with dil.Sulphuric acid gives Ferrous sulphate and Hydrogen gas as its product:-

$\underset{\left(\mathrm{Iron}\right)}{\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Dil}.\mathrm{sulphuric}\mathrm{acid})}{{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Ferrus}\mathrm{sulphate})}{{\mathrm{FeSO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\left(\mathrm{Hydrogen}\right)}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}$

Therefore,

(i) Sodium sulphate

$\underset{(\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{chloride})}{2\mathrm{NaCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Dil}.\mathrm{Sulphuric}\mathrm{acid})}{{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{sulphate})}{{\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Hydrochloric}\mathrm{acid}}{2\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}$

(ii) Zinc carbonate

$\underset{(\mathrm{Zinc}\mathrm{nitrate})}{\mathrm{Zn}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{carbonate})}{{\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Zinc}\mathrm{carbonate})}{{\mathrm{ZnCO}}_3\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{nitrate})}{2{\mathrm{NaNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}$

(iii) Copper (II) sulphate

$\underset{(\mathrm{Copper}\mathrm{carbonate})}{{\mathrm{CuCO}}_3\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Dil}.\mathrm{Sulphuric}\mathrm{acid})}{{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Copper}\mathrm{sulphate})}{{\mathrm{CuSO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\left(\mathrm{Water}\right)}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Carbon}\mathrm{dioxide})}{{\mathrm{CO}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}$

(iv) Iron (II) sulphate

$\underset{\left(\mathrm{Iron}\right)}{\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Dil}.\mathrm{sulphuric}\mathrm{acid})}{{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Ferrus}\mathrm{sulphate})}{{\mathrm{FeSO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\left(\mathrm{Hydrogen}\right)}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}$