Question

Chromosome theory of heredity was formulated for the first time on the basis of following observation

• A. Chromosomes exhibiting segregation and independent assortment during meiosis
• B. Chromosomes being main structure in nucleus
• C. Determination of sex through sex chromosomes
• D. A fixed number of chromosomes in each cell of an organism

Answer 1

The correct option is A Chromosomes exhibiting segregation and independent assortment during meiosis

Sutton recognized inheritance of Mendel’s factors and behaviour of the chromosome in meiosis and fertilization. He observed that both chromosomes and alleles of each gene are present in pairs which are separated and delivered singly to gamete during meiosis. Separation of two non-homologous pairs of chromosomes and gamete formation is independent of each other as is the independent assortment of alleles of different genes in Mendel’s dihybrid cross. During fertilization, one member of a homologous pair of a chromosome is derived from the male parent and other from the female parent as do the two alleles of a gene.

So, the correct answer is option A.