$C l$ valency is 1 then why it is sometimes written in as $C l_{2}$ and many others like $H$ is sometimes written $H_{3}$ after a reaction.

Is there any formula or something through which I can understand?

Plz evaluate this concept very clearly

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Solution

There is no formula to understand this concept.
You need basic knowledge about the electronic configuration of elements.

One chlorine atom ( $_{17} C l = 2, 8, 7$ ) has 7 electrons in its valance shell.
If it gets one electron, it will have a stable electronic configuration. (i.e. 8 electrons in valance shell).
So, it will share one electron with another chlorine atom (covalent bond) to achieve a stable configuration.

So in a free state, chlorine is found as $C l_{2}$ .
In this way, $H$ form $H_{2}$ , $O$ form $O_{2}$ ...etc.

But some elements may need two or more electrons to achieve the above-given concept.
So they will share electrons with two or more similar atoms.
Eg: $P_{8}$ (phosphorous).

$H_{3}$ is an unstable form and it is not formed regularly.
It is a special case.
Hydrogen is found as $H_{2}$ in its free state.

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Cl valency is 1 then why it is sometimes written in as Cl2 and many others like H is sometimes written H3 after a reaction. Is there any formula or something through which I can understand? Plz evaluate this concept very clearly

$C l$ valency is 1 then why it is sometimes written in as $C l_{2}$ and many others like $H$ is sometimes written $H_{3}$ after a reaction.

Is there any formula or something through which I can understand?

Plz evaluate this concept very clearly