Question

Classify the carbohydrate on the basis on monomers numbers of a carbon atom and functional groups

Answer 1

Carbohydrates are also known as sugars. these are polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.

• On the basis of their behaviour on hydrolysis, they are further classified as- Mono-saccharides are those carbohydrates that can't be hydrolyzed further into simpler carbohydrate. Examples are glucose, fructose, ribose, etc.
  
• Oligosaccharides are those that produce two to ten monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.examples are sucrose gives glucose and fructose on hydrolysis.

Polysaccharides are those which yield a large number of monosaccharide units on hydrolysis. Examples are starch, glycogen, cellulose, etc.

• They are further classified on the basis of the number of carbon atoms and the functional group present in them.
  

Aldoses are those having polyhydroxylated aldehydes and ketoses are those having polyhydroxylated ketones.

• On the basis of the number of a carbon atom, they are classified as triose, tetrose, pentose, hexose, heptose, etc.
  

Any group of monosaccharide sugars whose molecules contain three carbon atoms are triose.

• Similarly, sugars having four carbon atoms are tetroses, five carbon atoms as pentoses, six carbon atoms as hexoses and seven carbon atoms as heptoses.