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Homologous Series

Classify the ...

Question

Classify the following as alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.
$C H_{4}, C_{2} H_{4}, C_{2} H_{2}, C_{2} H_{6}, C_{3} H_{4}$

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Solution

Part 1: Alkanes
Alkanes are hydrocarbons that possess the general formula $C_{n} H_{2 n + 2}$ .
In the given list, For n=2, hydrocarbon is $C_{2} H_{2 \times 2 + 2}$ ,that is, $C_{2} H_{6}$ .
For n=1, hydrocarbon is $C_{1} H_{1 \times 2 + 2}$ ,that is, $C H_{4}$ .
Therefore, these two hydrocarbons are alkanes.
Part 2: Alkenes
Alkenes possess the general formula $C_{n} H_{2 n}$ .
So, in the given list $C_{2} H_{4}$ is an alkene.
Part 3: Alkynes
Alkynes possess the general formula $C_{n} H_{2 n - 2}$ .
For n=2, alkyne is $C_{2} H_{2 n - 2}$ , that is, $C_{2} H_{2}$
For n=3, alkyne is $C_{3} H_{2 \times 3 - 2}$ , that is, $C_{3} H_{4}$ .
Therefore, in the given list: Alkane is: $C_{2} H_{6}$ and $C H_{4}$ , Alkene is : $C_{2} H_{4}$ and Alkyne is: $C_{2} H_{2}$ and $C_{3} H_{4}$ .

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