Question

Column I lists the endocrine structure and column II corresponding hormones. Match the two columns.

Answer 1

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is secreted by hypothalamus. The anterior pituitary contains five types of endocrine cell, and they are defined by the hormones they secrete: somatotropes (GH), prolactin (PRL), gonadotropes (LH and FSH), corticotrophs (ACTH) and thyrotropes (TSH). The mesoderm-derived epithelial cells of the sex cords in developing testes become the Sertoli cells, which will function to support sperm cell formation. A minor population of nonepithelial cells appear between the tubules by week 8 of human fetal development. These are Leydig cells. Soon after they differentiate, Leydig cells begin to produce androgens. Estrogens, in females, are produced primarily by the ovaries, and during pregnancy, the placenta. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the ovarian production of estrogens by the granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles and corpora lutea. Some estrogens are also produced in smaller amounts by other tissues such as the liver, adrenal glands, and the breasts.