Compare hydrogen and halogens on the basis of: ion formation.

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Solution

Hydrogen and halogen both form monovalent anions by gaining one electron.

Hydrogen Halogen

Hydrogen has one electron in the valence shell.

Hydrogen can accept one electron to complete its duplet and attain stable noble gas configuration.
•Reaction: H + $e^{-}$ ---> $H^{-}$

Halogens (F, Cl etc.) have seven electrons in the valence shell.

Halogens can accept one electron to complete its octet and attain stable noble gas configuration.

•Reaction: Cl + $e^{-}$ ---> $C l^{-}$

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Question 2

Why does $H^{+}$ ion always get associated with other atom or molecules?

(a) Ionisation enthalpy of hydrogen resembles that of alkali metals.

(b) Its reactivity is similar to halogens

(d) Loss of an electron from hydrogen atom results in a nucleus of very small size as compare to other or ions. Due to small size it cannot exist free.

Q.  Compare hydrogen with alkali metals on the basis of their reducing power.

Q. Compare Mendeleev and modern periodic tables
i) on the basis of groups.
ii) on the basis of properties of elements.
iii) on the basis of classification.

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