Compare reactivity towards nucleophilic addition reaction?

H - O | | C - H

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C H_{3} - O | | C - H

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C H_{3} - O | | C - C H_{3}

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C H_{3} - C H_{2} - O | | C - H

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Solution

The correct option is A $H - O | | C - H$
$H - O | | C - H, C H_{3} - O | | C - H, C H_{3} - O | | C - C H_{3}, C H_{3} C H_{2} - O | | C - H$
aldehydes are usually more (reaction) reactive toward nucleophilic substitutions than ketone because of both steric and electronic effects . In aldehydes , the relativily small hydrogen atom is attached to one side of the carbonyl group , while a larger $r$ group is afflixed to the other side , In formaldehyde . steric hidrance of the alkyl group and no electron donating group. So formaldehyde is more reactive toward nucleophilic substitutions.

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O

O

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C H_{3} - C - H

C H_{3} - C - C H_{3}

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