Question

Compare the functioning of the alveoli in the lungs and the nephritis sin the kidneys with Reem spect to their structure sand functioning.(10 marks){give the answer in exact points and also to the point}

Answer 1

Sl. No	Alveoli	Nephron
1.	Alveoli have thin walled balloon – like structure. Surface is fine and delicate.	Nephron have thin walled cup-shaped structure attached with thin walled tubule.
2.	Alveoli are supplied with extensive network of thin walled blood vessels, i.e. capillaries for exchange of gases.	Bowman’s capsule is supplied with a cluster of capillaries called glomerulus for filtration. A network of blood vessel is present around the tubular part of nephron for re-absorption of useful substances and water.
3.	Alveoli increase surface area for diffusion of CO2 from blood to air and O2 from air to blood. The exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place between the blood of the capillaries that surround the alveoli and the gases present in the alveoli	Nephrons also increase surface area for filtration of blood and re-absorption of useful substances and water from filtrate leaving behind urine.The blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery. The blood is entered here and the nitrogenous waste in the form of urine is collected by collecting duct.
4.	Alveoli only provide surface for exchange of gases in the lungs.	Tubular part of nephron also carries the urine to collecting duct.Nephrons are the basic filtration unit.
5.	Alveoli are very small and a large number of them are present in each lung.	A large number of nephrons, the basic filtration unit, are present in each kidney.

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