Question

Complete the following passage(s) with an appropriate word/term to be filled in the blank spaces.
Apoenenzyme, Polypeptide, Prosthetic, Co-enzyme, Cofactors
Enzymes are composed of one or several .......... (1) ........ chains. However, there are a number of cases in which non-protein constituents called ........(2)........ are bound to the the enzyme to make the enzyme catalytically active. In these instances, the protein portion of the enzymes is called the ..........(3)......... Three kinds of cofactors may be identified prosthetic groups, co-enzymes and metal ions. ..........(4).......... groups are organic compounds and are distinguished from other cofactors in that they are tightly bound to the apoenzyme. For example, in peroxidase and catalase, which catalyze the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, haem is the prosthetic group and it is a part of the active site of the enzyme. .......(5)......... are also organic compounds but their association with the apoenzyme is only transient, usually occurring during the course of catalysis, Furthermore co-enzymes serve as co-factors in a number of different enzyme catalyzed reactions. The essential chemical components of many coenzymes are vitamins, e.g., coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and NADP contain the vitamin niacin.

Answer 1

1. Polypeptide
2. Cofactors
3. Apoenzyme
4. Prosthetic
5. Co-enzymes