Complete the following reactions and balance them:
$ZnO + NaOH \to$

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Solution

The reaction can be solved in two steps:
Complete the reaction by writing the products.
Balance the equation.
1. Complete the reaction by writing the products:
$ZnO + NaOH \to {Na}_{2} {ZnO}_{2} + H_{2} O (Zinc oxide) (Sodium hydroxide) (Sodium zincate) (Water)$
2. Balancing of the reaction by hit and trial method:
A chemical equation is said to be balanced when atoms of every element in the chemical equation are equal in number on both (reactant and product) sides.
To balance the chemical equation, begin by multiplying the element or compound which has less number of atoms with a number that would make the number equal on both sides.
$ZnO + NaOH \to {Na}_{2} {ZnO}_{2} + H_{2} O (Zinc oxide) (Sodium hydroxide) (Sodium zincate) (Water)$
Left hand side (LHS) is the reactant side and Right hand side (RHS) is the product side.
Type of atoms Number of atoms on L.H.S. Number of atoms on R.H.S.
Zinc (Zn) 1 1
Oxygen (O) 2 3
Sodium (Na) 1 2
Hydrogen (H) 1 2
Balance the equation by multiplying Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on LHS with 2 as the number of atoms of Sodium, Hydrogen and Oxygen are less on LHS.
$ZnO + 2 NaOH \to {Na}_{2} {ZnO}_{2} + H_{2} O (Zinc oxide) (Sodium hydroxide) (Sodium zincate) (Water)$
Type of atoms Number of atoms on L.H.S. Number of atoms on R.H.S.
Zinc (Zn) 1 1
Oxygen (O) 3 3
Sodium (Na) 2 2
Hydrogen (H) 2 2
As the number of atoms of each type of element is equal on both sides, the chemical equation is now balanced.
So, the overall complete and balanced chemical equation is
$ZnO (s) + 2 NaOH (aq) \to {Na}_{2} {ZnO}_{2} (aq) + H_{2} O (l) (Zinc oxide) (Sodium hydroxide) (Sodium zincate) (Water)$

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