(1) (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
(2) (a – b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2
(3) (a + b) (a – b) = a2 – b2
(4) We know that (x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 .
Comparing (x + 5)2 with (x + y)2, we get:
x = x and y = 5
Substituting these in the above formula:
(x + 5)2 = x2 + 2 × x × 5 + 25
= x2 + 10x + 25