Complete the table by finding out the valency of each of the given elements.

Elements

valency

Cl

Mg

Ca

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Solution

The electronic configuration of chlorine is 2, 8, 7. Chlorine will gain 1 electron easily instead of losing 7 electrons. Hence, the valency of chlorine is 1.
The electronic configuration of magnesium is 2, 8, 2. Magnesium will lose 2 electrons easily instead of gaining 6 electrons. Hence, the valency of magnesium is 2.
The electronic configuration of calcium is 2, 8, 8, 2. So the calcium has 2 electrons in its valence shell which it can easily lose. Hence, the valency of calcium is 2.

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(a) What are the usual number of valence electrons and valency of group 18 elements of the periodic table?

(b) What happens to the number of valence electrons in the atoms of elements as we go down in a group of the periodic table?

An element A belongs to the third period and group 1 of the periodic table. Find out :

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