Question

Complete the tree diagram below based on types of hereditary disorders. <!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}--> [Textbook question 7 pg no.193]

Answer 1

Answer

Chromosomal disorder:

• Chromosomal disorders are birth defects affecting the brain and other parts of the body.
• There is no treatment as such for chromosomal abnormalities. Counselling can be done. Occupational therapy, genetic counselling, and physical therapy are recommended.
• Examples of the chromosomal disorder are Cri du chat syndrome or 5p minus syndrome.

Monogenic disorder:

• When there is a mutation in a single gene, it is referred to as a monogenic disorder.
• Over 10,000 of human diseases are known to be monogenic.
• Examples of the monogenic disorder are phenylketonuria, Albinism oculocutaneous type 2.

Polygenic disorder:

• When there is a mutation in multiple genes, it is referred to as a Polygenic disorder.
• Polygenic disorder is caused by the combined action of more than one gene.
• Polygenic disorder depends on the presence of several genes.

Mitochondrial diseases:

• In mitochondrial diseases, mitochondria are unable to generate energy because food and oxygen are not completely burned.
• Examples of mitochondrial diseases are optic neuropathy, MERRF.