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Question

Consider following reactions:

I. [Co(NH3)6]3+(aq)+6H3O+(aq)[Co(H2O)6]3+(aq)+6NH+4(aq)

The products are favoured in the above reaction:

II. [Co(NH3)6]2+(aq)+6H3O+(aq)[Co(H2O)6]2+(aq)+6NH+4(aq)

The reaction (II) takes place with H2O in a matter of seconds.

Which is thermodynamically unstable and also kinetically labile?

A
[Co(H2O)6]3+
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B
[Co(H2O)6]2+
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C
[Co(NH3)6]3+
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D
[Co(NH3)6]2+
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Solution

The correct option is A [Co(NH3)6]2+
The thermodynamic stability of complex depends on its formation constant (β).
Higher is its formation constant, greater the stability.
The kinetic nature of a complex depends on nature of other reactants, temperature, solvent etc.

[Co(NH3)6]2+ is thermodynamically unstable as it has low β value. This is possible because its reaction with H2O in acidic medium is slow. Thus, it is thermodynamically inert and kinetically labile.
Therefore, D is correct option.

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