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Question

Consider following reactions:

I. [Co(NH3)6]3+(aq)+6H3O+(aq)[Co(H2O)6]3+(aq)+6NH+4(aq)

The products are favoured in the above reaction.

II. [Co(NH3)6]2+(aq)+6H3O+(aq)[Co(H2O)6]2+(aq)+6NH+4(aq)

The reactions (II) takes place with H2O in a matter of seconds.

Select correct statement:

A
[Co(NH3)6]3+ is thermodynamically and kinetically stable relative to [Co(H2O)6]3+
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B
[Co(NH3)6]3+ is thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable relative to [Co(H2O)6]3+
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C
[Co(NH3)6]3+ is thermodynamically and kinetically unstable relative to [Co(H2O)6]3+
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D
[Co(NH3)6]3+ is thermodynamically stable but kinetically unstable relative to [Co(H2O)6]3+
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Solution

The correct option is B [Co(NH3)6]3+ is thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable relative to [Co(H2O)6]3+
Option (B) is correct. [Co(NH3)6]3+ is thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable relative to [Co(H2O)6]3+.

The thermodynamic stability of complex depends on its formation constant (β); higher is its formation constant, greater the stability. The kinetic nature of complex depends on nature of other reactants, temperature, solvent etc.

[Co(NH3)6]3+ is thermodynamically unstable as it has low β value. This is possible because its reaction with H2O in acidic medium is slow. Thus, it is inert and kinetically stable relative to [Co(H2O)6]3+.

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