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Structure of Amines & Optical Activity

Consider stru...

Question

Consider structural formulas $A, B$ and $C$
(a) Are $A, B$ and $C$ constitutional isomers, or are they resonance forms?
(b) Which structures have a negatively charged carbon?
(c) Which structures have a positively charged carbon?
(d) Which structures have a positively charged nitrogen?
(e) Which structures have a negatively charged nitrogen?
(f) What is the net charge on each structure?

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Solution

(a) Since difference between structure A, B and C is the distribution of electrons and not the molecular formula they are resonance forms and not constitutional isomer.
(b)Structure A has negatively charged C
(c)Structure C has positive C
(d) Structures A and B have positively charged N
(e)Structure B and C have negatively charged N
(f)Net charge on A, B and C is zero.

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H_{2} ¨ C - N \equiv N :

H_{2} C = N = ¨ N :

H_{2} C - ¨ N = ¨ N :

Consider structural formulas A,B and C:

(A) Are A,B and C constitutional isomers, or are they resonance forms?
(B) Which structures have a negatively charged carbon?
(C) Which structures have a positively charged carbon?
(D) Which structures have a positively charged nitrogen?
(E) Which structures have a negatively charged nitrogen?
(F) What is the net charge on each structure?
(G) Which is a more stable structure, A or B and why?
(H) Which is a more stable structure, B or C and why?

In the thiocyanate ion,

S C N^{-}

, three resonance structures are consistent with the electron-dot method. Structure A has only one negative formal charge on the nitrogen atom, the most electron negative atom in the ion. Structure B has a single negative charge on the

S

, which is less electronegative than

N

. Structure C has charges of

- 2

N

+ 1

on S, consistent with the relative electronegativities of the atom s but with a larger charger and greater charge separation than the first.

Predict the hybridization of an atom which is bonded with

H

in the structure of

H N C S

Q. Assertion : Zeolites are the three-dimensional network silicates.
Reason: Negative charge on zeolite structure is neutralised by positively charged

A l^{3 +}

Q. Structures which help to delocalize the positive charge make important contribution towards nit resonance hybrid regardless of the fact whether the positive charge is on less or more electronegative atom.

Why are protons positively charged, electrons negatively charged and neutrons have neither negative or positive charge?

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