Consider the following Lewis Dot structure:

${[: ¨ N = N = ¨ N :]}^{-}$

The formal charge on the central $N$ atom is:

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Solution

Formal Charge = [valence electrons on atom] - [non-bonded electrons + number of bonds].
$N$ (central)= $5 - [0 + 4] = + 1$
$N$ (terminal)= $5 - [4 + 2] = - 1$

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