Question

Consider the following statements:
1. Presence of moisture in sand does not affect the magnitude of friction angle.
2. Moisture introduces capillary effect in a sandy soil leading to apparent increase in angle of internal friction.
3. Moisture introduces capillary effect in a sandy soil leading to development of apparent cohesion.
4. The capillary film is broken by drying or submergence leading to loss in the apparent cohesion.
Which of these statements are correct?

• A. 1, 2, 3 and 4
• B. 2 and 3 only
• C. 2 and 4 only
• D. 3 and 4 only

Answer 1

The correct option is D 3 and 4 only

• Presence of moisture in sand does have some effect on friction angle. However, this is not usually taken into account in practice.
• Moisture introduces capillary effects in sand, leading to development of apparent cohesion and capillary film is broken by drying or submergence leading to loss of apparent cohesion.