The correct option is C 1 and 2 only
Ecological Succession is the gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area. The species that invade a bare area are called pioneer species (eg. Lichens). The species at the end of succession are called climax species. In primary succession in water, the pioneers are the small phytoplanktons, they are replaced with time by free-floating angiosperms, then by rooted hydrophytes, sedges, grasses and finally the trees.