Question

Consider the list of terms given below:

Earthquakes can cause

• A. (i), (ii) & (iii)
• B. (ii) & (iv)
• C. (ii), (iii) & (iv)
• D. (iii) & (iv)

Answer 1

The correct option is A

(i), (ii) & (iii)

Earthquake:

1. An earthquake is a sudden shaking or trembling of the earth caused by plate collisions or the brushing of one plate against the other.
2. Tsunamis, floods, and landslides are all potential consequences.
3. Earthquakes occur as a result of abrupt tectonic movements in the earth's crust.
4. These disruptions cause vibrations to spread in all directions.
5. As these plates move relative to one another, stress builds up, which breaks by releasing the stored energy known as shock waves.

Tsunami:

1. The series of extremely long waves, Tsunami are very long wavelengths of water caused by a large and sudden displacement of the ocean due to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, etc.
2. These are also called seismic sea waves and are one of the most powerful and destructive natural forces.

Landslide:

1. A landslide is defined as the movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope.
2. The effects of landslides are as follows:

(i). Lead to economic decline

(ii). Loss of life

(iii). Impacts river ecosystems

(iv). Indirect costs, such as lost timber and fish stocks.

Lightening:

1. Lightning is an electrical discharge caused by imbalances between storm clouds and the ground, or within the clouds themselves. Most lightning occurs within the clouds.
2. In order to avoid lightning threats, we must follow a safety plan. This includes finding a shelter house and estimating the time required to reach there.

The explanation for the correct option:

1. An Earthquake at the bottom of the ocean can cause large-scale displacement of water leading to very high harbor waves called tsunamis. Tsunamis can in turn cause large-scale flooding of the coastal areas.
2. The shaking of the mountainous regions is caused by earthquakes that can cause landslides. Hence earthquakes can cause tsunamis, flooding, and landslides.

Hence, option (A) is correct.