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Fractional Distillation of Petroleum

Correct order...

Question

Correct order of products in which they are extracted from crude oil in fractional distillation column from top to bottom is-

Natural gas, Petrol, Diesel, Paraffin
Natural gas, Diesel, Petrol, Paraffin
Natural gas, Paraffin, Diesel, Petrol
Paraffin, Natural gas, Petrol, Diesel

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Solution

The correct option is A
Natural gas, Petrol, Diesel, Paraffin

Step 1: Definition of fractional distillation:
The technique of separation of a complex mixture into its respective component is achieved based on their boiling points and is determined as fractional distillation.
Step 2: Process of separation followed in fractional distillation:
The component with the largest boiling point condenses first and is collected, therefore it is present at the bottom of the distillation column. Those components with low boiling points are condensed later and present at the column sequentially. The boiling point of the mentioned products are:
Paraffin: Above 673 K
Diesel: 573 K-623 K
Petrol: 343 K to 393 K
Natural gas: 113 K-303 K
Step 3: Order of given products during fractional distillation:
Thus, the order of products in which they are extracted in fractional distillation column from top to bottom is-
Natural gas, Petrol, Diesel, Paraffin
Final answer:
Hence, option (A) is correct.

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Q. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words selected from those given below.

heights, condense, lower, bitumen, hydrocarbons,
high, fractional distillation, cool, fractionating column,
diesel oil, petrol, refinery, higher up, lower down

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(b) Substances with _____________ boiling points condense first, in the column. Substances with ___________ boiling points condense ______________. Light products like ___________ are withdrawn from near the top of the column. Heavier products like ___________ and fuel oil are taken out lower down. The heaviest hydrocarbons, such as __________ are left at the bottom.

Q. The liquid air has three components X, Y and Z whose boiling points are : – 186°C, –183°C and –196°C, respectively. When liquid air is fed into a tall fractional distillation column from near its bottom and warmed up slowly :

(a) Which component will be collected from near the bottom of the fraction distillation column ? Why ?
(b) Which component will be collected from the top part of the fractional distillation column ? Why ?
(c) Which component will be collected from the middle part of the fractional distillation column ? Why?
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Q. The correct order of products in which they are extracted from crude oil in fractional distillation column from top to bottom is:

Q. The correct order of the products collected from fractional distillation column from top to bottom

The correct order of the products collected from the fractional distillation column from top to bottom is:

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