Covalent bonds can be single, double or triple covalent bond. How many electrons are shared in each? Give an example of each type.

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Solution

Covalent bond: A chemical bond formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the atoms of an element in order to attain stable nearest noble gas configuration is called a covalent bond.
Types of covalent bond:
On the basis of the number of bonds between two atoms, covalent bond can be single, double or triple covalent bond.
Single covalent bond Double covalent bond Triple covalent bond
Number of bonds One Two Three
Number of electrons shared 2 electrons or 1 pair 4 electrons or 2 pairs 6 electrons or 3 pairs
Representation of bond One line (-) Two lines (=) Three lines (≡)
Examples
Ethane (C₂H₆)
Hydrogen molecule (H₂)
Ethene (C₂H₄)
Oxygen molecule (O₂)
Ethyne (C₂H₂)
Nitrogen molecule (N₂)

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(1) The organic compounds having double or triple bond in them are termed as _______

(2) The general formula of alkanes is _______

(3) _______ are known as parent organic compounds.

(4) Covalent compounds are generally soluble in _______ solvents.

(5) Triple bond can be obtained by sharing _______ pairs or _______ electrons.

(6) Hydrocarbons necessarily contain _______ and _______.

Covalent bonds can be single, double or triple covalent bonds. How many electrons are shared in each? Give an example of each type.

How many covalent bonds are present in N₂ molecule?

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	Single covalent bond	Double covalent bond	Triple covalent bond
Number of bonds	One	Two	Three
Number of electrons shared	2 electrons or 1 pair	4 electrons or 2 pairs	6 electrons or 3 pairs
Representation of bond	One line (-)	Two lines (=)	Three lines (≡)
Examples	Ethane (C₂H₆) Hydrogen molecule (H₂)	Ethene (C₂H₄) Oxygen molecule (O₂)	Ethyne (C₂H₂) Nitrogen molecule (N₂)