Define :
(a) Saturated hydrocarbon
(b) Unsaturated hydrocarbon
(c) Catenation

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Solution

(a) Saturated hydrocarbons: Hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are linked to each other by single bonds only are known as saturated hydrocarbons.
Examples include ethane $(C H_{3} - C H_{3})$ , butane $C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C H_{2} - C H_{3})$ etc.

(b) Unsaturated hydrocarbons: Hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are linked to each other by double $(C = C)$ or triple $(C \equiv C)$ bonds are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Examples include ethene $(H_{2} C = C H_{2})$ , propyne $(H C \equiv C H - C H_{3})$ etc.

(c) Catenation is the linkage of atoms of the same element into longer chains.

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