Question

Define electrovalent or ionic bond

Answer 1

Electrovalent bond :

• Electrovalent bond is defined as the bond which is formed by the transfer of one or more electrons from the valence shell of one atom to the other.
• Electrovalent bond is also called an ionic bond.
• It is actually the attractive force that binds the oppositely charged ions together.
• Also, the compounds formed by the ionic bond are called ionic compounds.
• For example, in the formation of sodium chloride $\mathrm{NaCl}$
• The sodium $\mathrm{Na}$ atom loses 1 electron to form a sodium ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+1}$ ion and is accepted by a chlorine atom $\mathrm{Cl}$ to form a chloride ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{-1}$ ion.
• By this sodium achieves electronic configuration of neon
• Chlorine atom achieves electronic configuration of argon

Hence, ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+1}$ ion combined with ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{-1}$ ion to form an electrovalent bond in $\mathrm{NaCl}$.