Question

Define or explain the concepts-

1) Infrastructure

2) Communication

3) Internet

4) Atomic energy

5) Hydro-electricity

Answer 1

1. Infrastructure is defined as the underlying tangible and organisational structures essential for the smooth and prosperous functioning of an economy. Every activity in a country, be it production, distribution, etc., requires the presence of infrastructure. The availability of infrastructure ensures the smooth and prosperous functioning of the economy. In other words, it acts as a core support system that enables the economy to grow and develop. While on one hand, infrastructure serves as a basic input on the other hand, it acts as a support system. The presence of sound infrastructure is essential for a smooth and efficient production in all the sectors of an economy. It is a necessary condition for higher production and higher productivity.

2. Communication can be defined as sharing and expressing thoughts and information through verbal, written or visual means. It acts as a quick alternative to transport and helps in connecting different geographical locations by transmitting messages and news via post, telegraph or telephone. In this way, communication is said to be the lifeline of an economy.

3. The word 'Internet' is derived from 'Interconnection' and 'Network'. Accordingly, it may be defined as the network or hub of connecting networks that helps in sharing messages and information through worldwide computer systems. It is considered to be the cheapest mode of communication. It Internet enables easy and quick communication even with people at far-off geographical places, thereby, serves as an important means of communication in the modern day.

4. Atomic energy, also known as nuclear energy, is a non-renewable source of energy. The resources used for the production of atomic energy include radioactive elements such as uranium and thorium. In India, major atomic energy stations are situated in Maharashtra, Gujarat, U.P., Rajasthan , etc. The Nuclear Power Corporation of India undertakes the task of operating and maintaining the atomic power stations. Although India has made an appreciable progress in the field of atomic energy, the share of nuclear energy in total power generation is only about 3%.

5. Hydro electricity or hydro power is electricity generated by harnessing the potential energy of water stored at a height. It is a renewable source of energy and is inexhaustible in nature. Hydro electricity requires construction of dams on rivers, which involves huge investments. However, it is a pollution-free method of generating energy. Major hydro-electricity plants in India are located in Punjab and Maharashtra.