Define potential energy. And give its mathematical expression.

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Solution

Potential energy is the energy possessed by a body on account of its position or configuration (state).
When the position of the body or its configuration is altered, it manifests itself.
Potential energy due to gravitational force is the product of the mass of the body, acceleration due to gravity, and the height of the body.
$P o t e n t i a l E n e r g y = m g h .$
Its S.I. unit is joule.

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