Define structure and function of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER):
1. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle found in the cells of eukaryotic organisms.
2. It is an interconnected network of flattened sacs or tubes encased in membranes.
3. These membranes are continuous, joining with the outer membrane of the nuclear membrane.
4. ER occurs in almost every type of eukaryotic cell except red blood cells and sperm cells.
5. Endoplasmic reticulum has two types:-
A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER):
1. Rough ER is found throughout the cell but the density is higher near the nucleus and the Golgi apparatus.
2. Ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are called 'membrane-bound' and are responsible for the assembly of many proteins.
This process is called translation.
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER):
1. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum, or smooth ER, is an organelle found in both animal cells and plant cells.
2. An organelle is a sub-unit within a cell that has a specialized function.
3. The main function of the smooth ER is to make cellular products like hormones and lipids.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER):
1. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle found in the cells of eukaryotic organisms.
2. It is an interconnected network of flattened sacs or tubes encased in membranes.
3. These membranes are continuous, joining with the outer membrane of the nuclear membrane.
4. ER occurs in almost every type of eukaryotic cell except red blood cells and sperm cells.
5. Endoplasmic reticulum has two types:-
A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER):
1. Rough ER is found throughout the cell but the density is higher near the nucleus and the Golgi apparatus.
2. Ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are called 'membrane-bound' and are responsible for the assembly of many proteins.
This process is called translation.
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER):
1. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum, or smooth ER, is an organelle found in both animal cells and plant cells.
2. An organelle is a sub-unit within a cell that has a specialized function.
3. The main function of the smooth ER is to make cellular products like hormones and lipids.
