Question

Define the following:
(i) Hormone
(ii) Endocrine gland
(iii) Exocrine gland
(iv) Hypothyroidism
(v) Hyperglycemia
(vi) Hypersecretion

Answer 1

(i) Hormone:
A hormone is a chemical messenger that is a small soluble organic molecule that travels in the blood and has its effect at a site different from the site where it is made.

(ii) Endocrine gland:
Glands that do not discharge their secretions into ducts are known as endocrine glands. Instead, these glands discharge their secretions directly into the blood. The pituitary gland, thyroid gland and adrenal gland are examples of endocrine glands.

(iii) Exocrine gland:
Glands that discharge secretions into ducts are known as exocrine glands. The sebaceous glands in the skin and the salivary glands in the buccal cavity are examples of exocrine glands.

(iv) Hypothyroidism:
Hypothyroidism refers to the undersecretion of the thyroid hormone.

(v) Hyperglycemia:
Hyperglycemia is an increase in the blood sugar level.

(vi) Hypersecretion:
Hypersecretion is the excess secretion of hormones.