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Question
Define the following terms as related to proteins :
(i) Peptide linkage
(ii) Primary structure
(iii) Denaturation
(i) Peptide linkage
(ii) Primary structure
(iii) Denaturation
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Solution
(i) Peptide linkage: The amide bond formed when the carboxylic group of one amino acid molecule reacts with amino group of another amino acid molecule with the elimination of water molecule is called a peptide bond or peptide linkage. Linking together of many amino acids by peptide bonds result in the formation of peptide chain. Peptide bond is represented as −CO−NH−
(ii) Primary structure: Proteins may have one or more polypeptide chains. Each polypeptide in a protein has amino acids linked with each other in a specific sequence and it is this sequence of amino acids that is said to be the primary structure of that protein. Any change in this primary structure i.e., the sequence of amino acids creates a different protein.
(iii) Denaturation: When a protein is subjected to some physical or chemical treatment which disrupts its higher structures without affecting its primary structure, the process is called denaturation. The denatured protein loses its biological activity. For example, boiling of an egg. The denaturation may be reversible or irreversible.
(ii) Primary structure: Proteins may have one or more polypeptide chains. Each polypeptide in a protein has amino acids linked with each other in a specific sequence and it is this sequence of amino acids that is said to be the primary structure of that protein. Any change in this primary structure i.e., the sequence of amino acids creates a different protein.
(iii) Denaturation: When a protein is subjected to some physical or chemical treatment which disrupts its higher structures without affecting its primary structure, the process is called denaturation. The denatured protein loses its biological activity. For example, boiling of an egg. The denaturation may be reversible or irreversible.
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