Define the following terms:
(i) Glycosidic linkage
(ii) Invert sugar
(iii) Oligo saccharides

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Solution

(i) Glycosidic linkage
A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of covalent bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate.

(ii) Invert sugar
A mixture of equal parts of glucose and fructose resulting from the hydrolysis of sucrose. It is found naturally in fruits and honey and produced artificially for use in the food industry.

(iii) Oligo saccharides
An oligosaccharide is a saccharide polymer containing a small number (typically three to ten) of simple sugars (monosaccharides). Oligosaccharides can have many functions including cell recognition and cell binding. For example, glycolipids have an important role in the immune response.

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\begin{matrix} List I & List II (A) Sucrose & (i) β - D-glucose C_{1} - C_{4} glycosidic linkage (B) Lactose & (i i) α - D-glucose, β - D-fructose C_{1} - C_{2} glycosidic linkage (C) Cellulose & (i i i) β - D-glucose, β - D-galactose C_{1} - C_{4} glycosidic linkage \end{matrix}

Match the List-I and List-II:

List I (Saccharides)	List II (Formed by)
(A) Sucrose	(i) $β$ -D glucose $C_{1} - C_{4}$ glycosidic linkage
(B) Lactose	(ii) $α$ -D glucose, $β$ -D fructose $C_{1} - C_{2}$ glycosidic linkage
(C) Cellulose	(iii) $β$ -D glucose, $β$ -D galactose $C_{1} - C_{4}$ glycosidic linkage

In sucrose, two mono saccharide units are held together by a glycosidic linkage between

G D P_{M P}

N D P_{F C}

N N P_{M P}

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