Question

Define the term 'evolution'. "Evolution cannot be equated with progress”. Justify this statement.

Answer 1

Evolution is the cumulative changes that occur in a population over time. It is the result of change in the genetic makeup of the organism due to mutations and other sources of variation. The favorable mutations are accepted by nature and provide the organism an adaptive advantage. Evolution ultimately results into speciation.

Evolution cannot always be equated to progress because

• Evolution does not always lead to the formation of a new species.
• The newly formed species as a result of evolution may have complex organization but cannot be considered 'better' to the earlier species.

• ·Evolution simply leads to diversification.