Question

Define the term hybridization and photoperiod.

Answer 1

Hybridization:

1. Crossing between two genetically different organisms to produce desired characteristics in the offspring is known as hybridization.
2. It is the result of the development of various scientific techniques.

Following are the major objectives of plant breeding:

1. To increase the crop yield.
2. To raise plants with desired characteristics.
3. To develop a disease-resistant crop.
4. To develop plants that can tolerate extreme environmental stress.

Photoperiod:

1. It refers to the duration of sunlight available for plant growth is called a photoperiod.
2. Sunlight plays a very vital role in the food preparation of plants.

Based on the photoperiod there are two categories of plants:

1. Long-day plants:

1. These plants require sunlight for a long period for their growth.
2. For example, Raddish and Spinach.

2. Short-day plants:

1. These plants require sunlight for a very short period for their growth.
2. Soyabean and Tobacco are examples of short-day plants.