Question

Define the terms. Give one example for each technique.
a. Sedimentation and decantation
b. Evaporation

Answer 1

a. The settling down of suspended, insoluble, heavy solid particles in a solid-liquid mixture when left undisturbed is called as sedimentation. The solid that settles below is called as sediment and the clear liquid is called supernatant liquid.
The process of pouring out the clear liquid, without disturbing the sediment is called decantation.
Example - Rice and water

b. The process of converting the liquid into its vapour state by exposing to heat is called as evaporation.
Example - Salt and water