Define the terms: (i) gene (ii) chromosome

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Solution

(i)
Gene: Gene is a sequence of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) that controls a specific trait or function.
Location: Genes are located on the chromosomes.
Function: It acts as a unit of inheritance and is passed from one generation to the next generation.
(ii)
Chromosomes: A chromosome is a structure that is made of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carrying genes and proteins called histones. These structures look like threads.
Location: Chromosomes are located inside the nucleus of eukaryotes.
Function: It carries the DNA from the parent to the offspring. In this way, genetic information is transferred.

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