Question

Define universal gravitational constant. Does the value of G change with a change in mass and distance?

Answer 1

Gravitational constant, denoted by the letter 'G', is a physical constant involved in the calculation of gravitational effects.

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the gravitational force acting between two masses $m_1$ and $m_2$, separated by a distance $R$ is given by
F= $\frac{G{m}_1{m}_2}{R^2}$ where G is the universal gravitational constant.

The universal gravitational constant is the gravitational force acting between two bodies of unit mass, kept at a unit distance from each other. The value of G is a universal constant and doesn't change. Its value is $6.67\times {10}^{-11}N{m}^2/k{g}^2$.