Describe giving reasons the kind of mixtures that can be separated by the distillation.
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Solution
Distillation
The method of separation of a liquid from a soluble component by first converting it into its vapour and then condensing the vapour is called distillation.
The process is used for the separation of miscible liquids having different boiling points.
The principle behind this separation method is the difference in the boiling points of the components of the mixture.
When heated, the component with a lower boiling point vaporises before the one with a higher boiling point.
A condenser is fitted to the distillation flask.
Upon cooling the vapours of the more volatile liquid component condense into pure liquid. The pure liquid is then collected in the receiver.
Example: This method is used to separate alcohol from water and for preparing distilled water.
