Question

Describe the causative agent,symptoms,treatment and preventive measure of any two of the following human diseases:

• A. Dysentery
• B. Dengue fever
• C. Pneumonia
• D. Filaria

Answer 1

The correct option is A Dysentery

Dysentery:

Causative agent-Entamoeba histolytica

Symptoms- Constipation, abdominal pain and cramps, stools with mucus and blood.

Treatment and preventive measure-

Useful drugs are metronidazole or tinidazole.

Avoiding contaminated food and water as these are the main source of infection. Houseflies are the mechanical carriers and transmit the parasite from the infected person to the foods and contaminate them.

Filariasis:

Causative agent- filarial nematodes, Wuchereria bancrofti and Wuchereria malayi . The infection is caused by different species of mosquitoes like Culex, Aedes etc.

Symptoms- when the larvae of the parasite enter the human body through the bite of a mosquito and migrate to the peripheral lymphatic system and then to lymph nodes and then to large lymph vessels and obstruct the flow.There is oedema of the affected area. The lower extremities swell and resemble the feet of an elephant. Genital organs are also often affected and get deformed.

Treatment and preventive measure-

Useful drugs heterozan, MSF and diethylcarbamazine.

Also, it's important to protect from the bite of a mosquito as they are the main vectors of this parasite.