Describe the different zones of a candle flame.
Depending upon the oxygen available, a candle flame exhibits three zones:
(i) Outer zone: In this zone, the candle vapours burn in the presence of adequate oxygen. This part of the flame will be blue in colour which emits less light and high heat.
(ii) Middle zone: In this zone, the candle vapours burn in the presence of inadequate oxygen producing carbon monoxide. This part of the flame will be yellow in colour which emits more light and less heat.
(iii) Inner zone: In this zone, the candle vapours remain unburnt due to the absence of oxygen. This part of the flame will be black in colour which does not emit any heat or light.