Question

Describe the events taking place during interphase. What is the G${}_0$ (quiescent phase) cell cycle?

Answer 1

Interphase is the preparatory phase of the cell cycle. The cell prepares for mitosis during this phase. It is the longest phase of the cell division. It is divided into G${}_1$ phase, G${}_2$ phase, and S phase.

1) Interphase begins with G${}_1$, which stands for 'Gap 1'. The cells grow and synthesize proteins needed for mitosis.

2) S phase follows G${}_1$, its major function involves replicating the cell’s DNA. After S phase completes, chromosomes have two chromatids, meaning each chromosome has two molecules of DNA.

3) G${}_2$ is characterised by synthesis of more proteins, and organelles like mitochondria grow and divide.

G${}_0$ phase is the phase in which the cell is neither dividing nor preparing to divide. The cell is in resting phase. The cells which are mature, and do not need to divide enters the G${}_0$ phase. For example, neurons.