Dear Student,
An electric bulb contains a thick metallic wire in it. It is made of tungsten metal having melting point equal to 3380°C.. In a glass vessel or bulb the tungsten wire is kept sealed. The glass bulb is filled with neutral gas or vacuum. Neutral gases are using now a days commonly. The tungsten wire is known as filament when the current flows through the tungsten wire or filament it becomes heated and emit of light. Due to the flow of current heating effect of an electric current used as the source of light.
Regards