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Question

Describe the mechanism of respiration in humans.

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Solution

Mechanism of respiration involves five steps:-
  1. Breathing or pulmonary ventilation: It involves both inhalation in which an adequate amount of oxygen is taken inside and exhalation involves removal of carbon dioxide with air.
  2. External respiration: This is the exchange of oxygen to the blood and of carbon dioxide from blood to alveoli and is done due to their concentration gradient.
  3. Transport of O2 to tissue: Oxygen binds to haemoglobin and reaches to tissues.
  4. Internal respiration: As the concentration of oxygen is less and carbon dioxide is more in number the haemoglobin release oxygen and is absorbed by the tissue.
  5. Transport of CO2 from tissue:- The carbon dioxide released by tissue transported in the form of bicarbonate, carbamino-haemoglobin and dissolved in the blood reaches to alveoli then diffuse from blood and released out.

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